Intercultural Communication Issues

Question: Examine about the Intercultural Communication Issues. Answer: Presentation Multicultural openness is absolutely vital in universal business. Creating aptitudes for overseeing intercultural interchanges is vital for organizations going universal, for example, Amys company(Varner 2000, p.50). To prevail in global business, business visionaries must structure intercultural abilities, and procedures such how to utilize a broadened workforce(Beckers Bsat 2014, p.145). Similarly, making trustful relationship is likewise significant in worldwide business. Intercultural Communication Issues Growing business into the Chinese market requires Amy to comprehend their verbal and nonverbal cues(Fall et al. 2013, p.413). Furthermore, the development in innovation and web makes multifaceted interchanges key for organizations extending internationally(FernndezSouto, Gestal Pesqueira 2015, p.235). A portion of the key issues that will influences Amy venture into include: Language obstruction. Non-verbal contrasts. Force separation. High setting versus slow setting society. Language Barrier Amy will confront language obstruction challenges as she ventures into Chinese market(Cotton 2015, par.4). She just gets English and a larger part of individuals in China speak Chinese. To prevail in her first gathering, Amy ought to recognize a bilingual translator. When the organization sets up itself in China, it should concentrate on utilizing people who are capable in different languages(Pikhart 2014, p.952). Nonverbal Differences There is impressive qualification among nonconformist and collectivist societies as far as intercultural communication(Kutz 2013, p.66). People from the above societies use motions and eye to eye connection in an unexpected way. It is significant for Amy to address her nonverbal prompts before her first gathering with Chinese business partners. She needs to comprehend that Chinese think about an excessive amount of signals as being discourteous. In Australia, delayed eye to eye connection is viewed as straightforwardness and legitimate, however in China it is considered as being impolite (Maude 2011, p.43). High Culture versus Low Context Culture This alludes to how people musings, emotions, and childhood influence the way wherein they behave in various cultures(Mattock 2003, p.54). Australia is a low culture setting while China is a high setting society (Gudykunst 2003, p.45; Brink Costigan.2015, p.10). Organizations in Australia are individualistic, which means the choices depend on realities. In like manner, trust between businessmen is esteemed. High culture nations, for example, China esteem relational relationship (Norales 2006, p.45). Continuation Business people from China underscore on creating individual relationship before marking an agreement. Moreover, they are worried about gathering achievement instead of individual success(Norales 2006, p.45). Given these distinctions, it will be hard for Amy to arrange her business bargain. For example, Amy may concentrate on completing the arrangement, and the remote accomplice probably won't be content with her activities. Basically, the remote accomplice should seriously think about Amy as somebody who means to satisfy her childish intrigue. Outline and Conclusions Social assorted variety is basic for Amy to prevail in Chinese Market. Also, intercultural correspondence decides the achievement or disappointment of the organization in any universal market. Consequently, Amy needs to have nitty gritty data in regards to nonverbal and verbal qualifications among Australia and China. Capacity to discuss viably with people from particular societies is key in prevailing in global markets, to be exact China. Continuation For example, viable utilization of verbal and nonverbal prompts will dispense with episodes of miscommunication. China thinks of it as an untouchable to accidentally irritate somebody utilizing non-verbal communication. For this situation, Amy ought to consistently utilize altruistic signals to speak with her global accomplices. She ought to likewise disregard from using alright images, forefinger, and approval and down. Suggestions To prevail in the Chinese market, Amy ought to do the accompanying: vMaintain a receptive outlook in circumstances that are new to her. vBe alert on how people structure particular societies associate. vBe prepared to adjust and learn in any new condition. vDemonstrate unwavering quality and consistency. References Beckers, A, Bsat, M., 2014. An Analysis of Intercultural Business Communication. Diary of Business Behavioral Sciences, 26(3), pp. 143-153. Verge, K, Costigan, R., 2015.Oral Communication Skills: Are the Priorities of the Workplace and AACSB-Accredited Business Programs Aligned?', Academy Of Management Learning Education, 14(2), pp. 205-221 , G., 2015. The Importance of Cross-Cultural Business Communications. Seen from, https://www.eonetwork.org/octane-magazine/exceptional highlights/theimportanceofcrossculturalbusinesscommunications Fall, L, Kelly, S, MacDonald, P, Primm, C, Holmes, W., 2013. Intercultural Communication Worry and Emotional Intelligence in Higher Education: Preparing Business Students for Career Success. Business Communication Quarterly, 76(4), pp. 412-426. Fernndez-Souto, A, Gestal, M, Pesqueira, A., 2015. Business and Intercultural Communication. Procedia Economics and Finance, pp. 233-237. Gudykunst, W. B., 2003. Culturally diverse and intercultural correspondence. Thousand Oaks [u.a.], Sage Publ. Kutz, K., 2013. Obstructions to diverse correspondence. New York: Grin Verlag. Mattock, J., 2003. Culturally diverse correspondence. London: Kogan Page Limited. Maude, B. , 2011. Overseeing Cross-Cultural Communication: Principles and Practice. Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan Norales, F. O. (2006). Culturally diverse correspondence: ideas, cases and difficulties. Youngstown, NY, Cambria. Pikhart, M 2014. Actualizing New Global Business Trends to Intercultural Business Communication. Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences, 152, ERPA International Congress on Education, ERPA Congress 2014, 6-8 June 2014, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 950-953. Varner, II 2000. The Theoretical Foundation for Intercultural Business Communication: A Conceptual.

Difference Between America and South Korea Health Care Essay Example for Free

Contrast Between America and South Korea Health Care Essay Every nation has an alternate methodology with regards to their medicinal services and their consideration with pre and postnatal. A few nations can spend a lot of cash on their social insurance, (for example, the United States) yet probably won't have the best medicinal services on the planet. Others have exceptional courses of action that new moms and newborn children can experience to ensure that they start off their life in a decent and sound condition. In this paper I am going to thoroughly analyze the newborn child medicinal services and the general pre-birth care in the United States and South Korea by referencing different articles and course books that emphasis regarding this matter. The two nations have different manners by which they handle their wellbeing framework and the consideration of their babies. There are numerous variables that decide the strength of an infant, for example, the sustenance that the prospective mother devours, the condition that the mother and the kid live in, and the medical clinic that the youngster is conceived in. During the time every one of these nations have been placing time and cash into their wellbeing framework with the objective of having the most remarkable medicinal services framework on the planet. Their advancement can be recorded from various perspectives which will be examined inside this paper. Likewise the United States and South Korea both have totally different frameworks when managing pre-birth and baby care. One way that the newborn child care of a nation is estimated is through the death pace of the babies. Truth be told (Bae et al. , 2011), â€Å"Neonatal death rate (NMR) and newborn child death rate (IMR) are two of the most significant files mirroring the degree of general strength of a country† (Abstract Section Para. 1). Without estimating and monitoring these death rates, inquires about would not have the option to make sense of what nations are progressing in the direction of a superior social insurance administration and which nations need assistance. Despite the fact that the United States is a created nation, and not at all like less created nations, it ought to have a high death rate. Truth be told the United States has one of the most noticeably terrible death rates contrasted with different provinces. As indicated by Levine and Munsch (2012), â€Å"Despite the riches and the accessibility of (however not generally access to) world-class edical offices, the United States has the equivalent or more regrettable newborn child death rates contrasted and 37 other industrialized nations (Hoover Institution, 2007)† (p. 176). There are purposes behind the high death rate, for example, the reality there are a wide range of races, ethnicities, and social statuses inside the United States. Race and ethnicity do have a contribution to a person’s wellbeing and their way of life. A few races, (for example, Asians) have a higher future and a lower death rate all through their race due to how they are raised and the conventions that they neglected. The social statuses of the expecting moms additionally affect the future kids since when the parent is a piece of a higher economic wellbeing, it is accepted that they have a more significant level of training and in this way find out about how they should think about themselves and their newborn children. The inverse goes for individuals who are a piece of a lower societal position. The United States has been bringing down the quantity of newborn child death rates by placing programs in influence to help out the wellbeing framework. A portion of these projects are (Bae et al. , 2011), †¦execution of Medicaid (1965), Medicare (1965), Supplemental Security Income (social medicinal services security programs for youngsters and pregnant ladies of the lower pay gathering), arrangement of State Children’s Health Insurance Programs, Children Vaccine Program, Health Start Program (1991, Early Head Start Program, entire day care administration, parent instruction, case the board, Community Resource Assistant)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Discussion Section para. ) and considerably more. The United States has more projects to help diminish the danger of baby mortality and different infections, they are additionally chipping away at different approaches to assist the newborn child death rate by concentrating on untimely and low-birth weight babies. As indicated by Levine and Munsch (2012), â€Å"Birth information arranged by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2007a) for 2005 found that the pace of untimely birt hs in the United States is 12. 7% or 525,000 infants annually† (p. 178). This number is high for untimely births and these projects that are being instituted should help lower it. Indeed, even with these projects progressing in the direction of a superior wellbeing framework, South Korea has less of a newborn child death rate. South Korea has improved its wellbeing framework consistently and it has appeared in their youngster care. Their nation incorporates projects, for example, (Bae et al. , 2011), †¦tests for natural mistake of digestion and care for wiped out babies (1991), enrollment of pre-term and innate strange neonates and clinical cost bolster 2000), early finding of deafness (2007), crusade for forestalling visual impairment of preschoolers (2000), counteraction of maternal hepatitis B contamination (2002†¦(Discussion Section Para. 1) and significantly more. There are likewise more projects that are planned to show up all through the fallowing years. As referenced before it is simpler for South Korea to keep their newborn child death rate down in light of the fact that they don't need to concentrate on various nationalities in their nation, the majority of the populace in South Korea are Korean. On the off chance that you look at the two nations and the projects that they are delivering it is indicated the South Korea has been getting more advances in the 2000’s while the United States had a discovery in their social insurance in the 1900’s. Copyright  © 2011 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences. This diagram shows that South Korea began with a higher death rate and it had an extraordinary decay. The United States had a decrease in the 1900’s and during the 2000’s it began to balance out. Copyright  © 2011 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences. This Chart gives a superior understanding concerning where the United States and South Korea remain with different nations. Neither of them are the best or the most exceedingly terrible nation, anyway they are on inverse sides of the scale. It is normal for the United States to have a lower death rate due to the measure of cash put into their medicinal services framework, however as indicated by the diagram this doesn't have all the earmarks of being valid. South Korea has a ton of regard with regards to their babies. They consider their to be as the future to their nation and they are happy to successfully ensure that their newborn children are very much dealt with. This is appeared through the information on the graph above on the grounds that South Korea is nearer to the base of the scale rather than the top. Both South Korea and the United States have an alternate medical clinic framework. South Korea has a post-natal consideration office called a sanhujoriwon. As indicated by Yeon-soo (2013), Dozens of moms and babies remain together in such offices and the greater part of the spots work as non-clinical organizations, prompting periodic issues with clean administration. To forestall mass contamination among babies at sanhujoriwons, the legislature as of late amplified sickness reconnaissance of laborers there and founded a standard terms of utilization (Para. 2) South Korea is the main nation that has these offices accessible for their new moms. Numerous pregnant ladies from everywhere throughout the world come to South Korea just to get this treatment after they conceive an offspring. Nonetheless, this office is costly, so not every person can manage the cost of this extravagance. As per Yeon-soo (2013), â€Å"The cost of utilizing an upscale sanhujoriwon is 5 million (4,730 U. S. dollars) to 10 million won (9,460 dollars) for a fourteen day remain, however the office is well known to such an extent that a booking probably won't be conceivable if not made six to seven months preceding childbirth† (para. 4). That is the cost for the most costly and sumptuous spots; different spots can be a great many dollars less expensive. In these offices the attendants ensure that the patients get the correct exercise, (for example, light yoga) and eat the right food so their recuperation after birth will be as lovely and valuable as could reasonably be expected. They likewise care for the infant and ensure that they get the supplements that they need in the main couple of weeks. This assists the new mother since they have the opportunity to unwind and recoup while their child is getting the fundamental consideration that is required. At the point when the mother is all set home following two or three weeks they make some better memories acclimating to their new existence with a child since they had the rest and help that they required. In the United States they don't have these equivalent facilities yet they to do have frameworks to assist the new mother. The United States has numerous clinical experts to help with neonatal and postnatal consideration. A portion of those occupations incorporate (Link, Jakubeez, Temple, 2013), â€Å"†¦neonatologist, neonatal attendant specialists, bedside nurture, a clinical drug specialist, neonatal respiratory advisors, a nutritionist, a social laborer, clinical occupants, and clinical students† (Backgroud Section Para. 1). With a clinic comprising of these clinical experts the patients are probably going to get the assistance that they need while experiencing the birthing procedure. Likewise numerous clinics are growing in the United States to incorporate more space for neonatal consideration. The Hillcrest Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio extended their emergency clinic and included (Link, Jakubeez, Temple, 2013),†¦Ã¢â‚¬ a new 24 bed level 3 neonatal emergency unit and extra beds to oblige high-chance maternal medication patients† (Background Section para. 1). They extended their clinic with the goal that they could think about more patients on the double; additionally so the patients got the chance to get the best consideration accessible to them. Typically after a mother conceives an offspring (contingent upon the birthing m

No More Detailed TOEFL Score Reports

No More Detailed TOEFL Score Reports We now know about an additional TOEFL change. Students can no longer access detailed PDF score reports. This means that students will be given an overall score for each of the sections on the test (reading, listening, speaking, writing) but will no longer get assessments for specific writing and speaking tasks.To understand what I mean, heres an image from an old score report PDF (taken from the Official Guide to the TOEFL, 5th edition):You can see that in addition to their overall speaking and writing scores, the student was given a level assessment for five different sub-sections. These levels were: weak, limited, fair, or good. Each of the essays was a sub-section. Pairs of speaking questions made up the other sub-sections.The bottom of the score report contained a chart to convert these levels to a numerical rubric score. In this way, students would know which of the tasks they excelled at, and which with they struggled with. This meant that the students could really focus when p reparing to take the test for a second (or third or twentieth) time.Now, however, this information is no longer available. The new PDF score reports provide only overall scores in the speaking and writing sections. They are no longer given assessments for the sub-sections. They look like this:In the past, if a student got 20 points in the writing section, he could see that he got a good in the independent task, and a weak in the integrated task. He would then know to focus on the integrated task in the future. Now, though, he will have no idea which task lowered his score, and which one he should focus on in the future. Likewise, students who fail to get their target score have no way of knowing which speaking tasks they should focus on when they prepare to take the test again.This is a problem, I think. On one hand, ETS gave students a gift with the shorter version of the test by making it possible to focus on a smaller number of tasks while studying. But the elimination of the sco re reports takes that gift right back.If ETS brings back the score reports I will let you know right here.

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TOEIC Scores by Age, Gender, Country, and Education

If youve taken the TOEIC Listening and Reading exam, then you know that it can be difficult to ascertain how well youve done on the test. Even though many businesses and institutions have minimum TOEIC scores or proficiency levels for hiring, the levels may be quite different from another institutions base requirements. So, where do you stand with the scores youve earned? How do your scores compare with the scores of others who have taken the test? Here are the average TOEIC scores by a number of different factors: age, gender, country of birth, and education level.   Average TOEIC Scores by Country of Birth The first numbers after the countries are the mean or average TOEIC scores for the Listening Test. The second numbers are the mean or average TOEIC scores for the Reading Test. Remember that the highest possible score achievable on each exam is a 495 and anything over 450 is generally considered excellent with no real weaknesses in the language by the makers of the test, ETS.   ALBANIA 208   168  ALGERIA 344   299  ARGENTINA 368   340   BELGIUM 393   362BRAZIL 334   303  CAMEROON 322   282CANADA 432   393CHILE 257   218  CHINA, PEOPLES REPUBLIC 350   322COLOMBIA 343   304  COSTA RICA 378 326COTE DIVOIRE (IVORY COAST) 324 297  CZECH REPUBLIC 398 362  EGYPT 218 177  FRANCE 377   342  GERMANY 425   362  GREECE 321 247  HONG KONG 297 235  INDIA 408   361  INDONESIA 234 188ITALY 371   355  JAPAN 284   228KOREA (ROK) 351   295LEBANON 409   354MACAO 258 191MALAYSIA 362   294  MONGOLIA 247 189MOROCCO 375   324   PAKISTAN 299 227PERU 307 279  PHILIPPINES 384   325  POLAND 315   243  PORTUGAL 404   362  REUNION 352   318  RUSSIA 359   308  SENEGAL 344   298SLOVAKIA 358 317  SPAIN 345   335  TAIWAN 294   242  THAILAND 274 207  TUNISIA 374   334  TURKEY 355 299  Ã‚  UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 298   183  VIETNAM 249   229  Ã‚  Ã‚   Average TOEIC Scores by Age It appears as though the 26-30-year-olds have the highest average TOEIC scores in this set of statistics, even though they accounted for only17.6% of testers. Check it out: Age Average Listening Score Average Reading Score under 20 276 215 21-25 328 274 26-30 339 285 31-35 320 270 36-40 305 258 41-45 293 246 over 45 288 241 Average TOEIC Scores by Gender Just 44.1% of test-takers were female, compared to the 55.9% of testers who were male. On average, women outscored men on both the Listening and Reading tests.   Female Listening Score Average: 327Female Reading Score Average: 266Male Listening Score Average: 304Female Reading Score Average: 255 Average TOEIC Scores by Level of Education More than half (56.5%) of the test-takers sitting for the TOEIC exam were in college, attempting to earn their undergraduate degree at a four-year university. Here are the statistics, based on the levels of education of the testers. Again, the first score is for the Listening exam and the second is for the Reading portion. Graduate school: 351   310Undergraduate college:   338   285Junior high school: 284 214High school:  276   212Elementary school: 265   220Community college:  Ã‚  268   210Language institution:   268 194 Vocational school after high school:  258   193Vocational school:   236   169 TOEIC LISTENING PRACTICE

Role of Foreign Banks Free Essays

Foreign Banks operating in India are banks of other countries having their branches in India. At present there are about sixteen such banks having a total of about 180 branches in most of the big cities of the country. These Foreign Banks have a flourishing business and earn large profits. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Foreign Banks or any similar topic only for you Order Now Indian Banks also have their branches in other countries, and they, too, are doing well. Some economists are of the view that Foreign Banks should, not be allowed to operate in the country.But permission to such banks to operate in the country is unavoidable on the basis of reciprocity. This is certainly the view of the Reserve Bank of India, and it is justified by the success of Indian Banks operating in foreign countries. Indian Banks have been rapidly expanding their overseas operations. Between 1975 and 1978, the number of offices of Indian Banks in foreign countries had increased by 48, from 77 to 125. This is in contrast with the stagnant number of Foreign Bank Offices in India.As a consequence, the growth of business of Indian Banks has been phenomenal as compared to that of the branches of their foreign counterparts in India. Deposits and advances of Indian Banks abroad have increased by 14% and 18% respectively, whereas the corresponding figures of Foreign Banks in India are 28% and 30% respectively. In terms of remittances of the present banks also, Indian banks are ahead. In 1976, they remitted Rs. 90 millions to India, where their counterparts remitted Rs. 70 millions only. Indian Banks abroad are involved in many new banking activities.State Bank of India and Bank of Baroda, the two leaders in the sphere, are raising foreign currency funds, for both private and public sector concerns. In addition, these banks are funding many joint ventures in South East Asia. For instance, SBI is funding joint ventures in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia. The Bank has arranged finances to the tune of $ 750 million dollars. We can see clearly that Indian Banks are indeed generating a lot of business overseas. At present they are operating in as many as 26 countries of which only eight countries have their own bank branches in India.Thus, the question of reciprocity does indeed have relevance, because, if we want to seek profitable opportunities overseas, we must be prepared to open our own gates also. In short, the operation of foreign banks in India is fully justified. It is in our national interest. ——————————————————————————————————————— Foreign banks play a relatively minor role in the Indian economy, as reiterated in Global Development Finance 2008, an annual publication from the World Bank that was released last week.This fact is relevant right now for two reasons. First, the Reserve Bank of India is likely to open up the Indian banking market further in April, or around 300 days from now. Two, the global credit crisis has shown how problems in Western banks can reverberate through financial systems in emerging markets. The advantages of greater foreign bank participation are clear: They tend to increase the efficiency of the local banking system, bring in more sophisticated financial services and have the ability to nurse weak banks back to health.That underlies the case for greater freedom for foreign banks. The credit crisis has brought the dark underside into focus. Global banks that boast of the best practices in the way they allocate capital and manage risks are also prone to make elementary mistakes, partly because of the imperfect nature of regulations and partly because bankers have perverse incentives to be loose with other people’s money. So, which way should policy swing? It is tempting to conclude that India is better off with its current policy of caution about the entry of foreign banks.But that would be a mistake. While we agree that banking markets tend to be prone to crises and, hence, need tighter regulation than markets in goods and services, India needs more foreign bank participation. The main contention—that foreign banks account for just 5% of India’s loan market—is misleading. Local banks have been on a borrowing spree abroad. They raised more than $12 billion between 2003 and 2006, which is one reason that India could support credit growth of 28. 1% despite the fact that deposits grew at only 18. 5%.A lot of this overseas borrowing must have come from foreign banks operating in global financial centres. The question is: If regulators are comfortable getting resources from foreign banks indirectly through the global credit markets, what is the objection to more direct participation? ——————————————————————————————————————— INTRODUCTION A large number of foreign banks are now keen on opening shop in India to gain a critical mass by April 2009, when private banking space is expected to open up for foreign players.Foreign Banks in India alwa ys brought an explanation about the prompt services to customers. After the set up foreign banks in India, the banking sector in India also become competitive and accurative. The share of foreign banks in the business done in the country (deposits and advances) has been hovering between 5 and 7 per cent during the past decade. A new rule announced by the Reserve Bank of India for the foreign banks in India in this budget has put up great hopes among foreign banks which allow them to grow unfettered. Now foreign banks in India are permitted to set up local subsidiaries.The policy conveys that foreign banks in India may not acquire Indian ones (except for weak banks identified by the RBI, on its terms) and their Indian subsidiaries will not be able to open branches freely. There are twenty-nine foreign banks are present in India through 273 branches and 871 offsite ATMs. Besides, there are 34 foreign banks operating through representative offices. Four have set up shop in the past one year. They are Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, Spain’s second largest bank; Italy’s Banca di Roma; the Dublin-based Depfa Bank Plc. ; and National Australia Bank Ltd.Given a chance, all banks would like to convert their representative offices into branches. Standard Chartered Bank, the oldest foreign bank that came to India 150 years ago, now operates the maximum number of branches, 83. It is followed by HSBC, which entered India in 1867, with 47 branches. Citibank has 39 branches and ABN Amro, 28 branches. The only other bank that has a double digit branch presence is Deutsche, 11. List of major Foreign Banks in India †¢ ABN-AMRO Bank †¢ Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank †¢ Bank of Ceylon †¢ BNP Paribas Bank †¢ Citi Bank †¢ China Trust Commercial Bank†¢ Deutsche Bank †¢ HSBC JPMorgan Chase Bank †¢ Standard Chartered Bank †¢ Scotia Bank †¢ Taib Bank By the year 2009, the list of foreign banks in India is going to become more quantitative as numbers of foreign banks are still waiting with baggage to start business in India Upcoming Foreign Banks in India By 2009 few more names is going to be added in the list of foreign banks in India. This is as an aftermath of the sudden interest shown by Reserve Bank of India paving roadmap for foreign banks in India greater freedom in India. The following are the list of foreign banks going to set up business in India †¢Royal Bank of Scotland Switzerland’s UBS †¢US-based GE Capital †¢Credit Suisse Group †¢Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Reasons for foreign bank enter in India * India’s GDP is seen growing at a robust pace of around 7% over the next few years, throwing up opportunities for the banking sector to profit from.* The credit of banks has risen by over 25% in 2004-05 and the growth momentum is expected to continue over the next four to five years. * Participation in the growth curve of the Indian economy in the next four years will provide foreign banks a launch pad for greater business expansion hen they get more freedom after April 2009. * RBI is following a liberal branch licensing policy for those foreign banks who want to go to the unbanked pockets. They have started sensing enormous business opportunities in financing trade and small and medium sectors in small towns in the world’s second fastest growing economy. WTO and India about foreign banks operations India had committed to the World Trade Organzation (WTO) in 1997 to give 12 new branch licenses to foreign banks every year, including those given to new entrants and the existing players.However, the Indian regulator has all along been allowing foreign banks to open more branches, going beyond its commitment to WTO. In fact, in the last four years till October 2007, it has given its nod to 75 new foreign bank branches and many more ATMs (which do not come under WTO norms). Standard Chartered Bank, the oldest foreign bank that came to India 150 years ago, now operates the maximum number of branches, 83. It is followed by HSBC, which entered India in 1867, with 47 branches. Citibank has 39 branches and ABN Amro, 28 branches.The only other bank that has a double digit branch presence is Deutsche, 11. Despite their growing presence, foreign banks still have a very small market share in the Indian banking industry—6. 11% of total deposits and 6. 83% of total loan advances. But their returns from Indian operations are far higher than those of their local counterparts. For instance, the average net profit per branch for foreign banks in India was Rs11. 99 crore last year against Rs33 lakh for the public sector banks that account for close to 70% of the industry.The return on assets for foreign banks last year was 1. 65% and return on equity, 14. 02%. The comparable figures for public sector banks were 0. 82% and 13. 62%. Now you know why foreign banks are ready to walk the extra mile to do business anywhere in India The Reserve Bank of India would like foreign banks to get a flavour of semi-urban India and the rural hinterland. Going by the statistics provided in the RBI’s annual report, it appears that foreign banks are being gently nudged away from metros, when they apply for permission to open a new branch. The branches of foreign banks that have been approved between July 2006 and June 2007 are mostly in smaller towns and tier-2 and tier-3 cities. Of the 13 branches for which permission was given, only one branch belonging to Shinhan Bank has been allowed in New Delhi. Smaller cities Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) received approvals for three branches in Raipur, Jodhpur and Lucknow. ABN Amro got approvals for branches in Kolhapur, Salem, Udaipur and Ahmedabad. Barclays Bank received approval for branches in Kanchipuram and Bangalore.Most foreign banks follow a strategy of first setting up base in metros – Mumbai, New Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai. Then, in the next stage, they move to the mini-metros such as Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pune and Ahmedabad. Over the last few years, some banks have talked about expanding their reach beyond the conventional circuits of these eight places. Foreign banks in India have got approval from the Reserve Bank of India to open 10 branches and seven representative offices during the July 2006- June 2007 period. In the calendar year 2006, the RBI issued approvals for opening 13 branches of foreign banks in India.Under the WTO agreements, India is required to allow the opening of 12 foreign branches every year. More foreign banks rush to India A large number of foreign banks are now keen on opening shop in India to gain a critical mass by April 2009, when private banking space is expected to open up for foreign players. The latest addition to the list of foreign banks wishing to set foot in India is the Royal Bank of Scotland, which has total assets of over $806 billion. The sudden interest in India follows the Reserve Bank of India’s roadmap for according foreign banks greater freedom in Indi a. Switzerland’s UBS, ranked the world’s best private bank by EuroMoney magazine, has been preparing itself for India launch. Merrill Lynch and Goldman Sachs too are believed to be showing interest. It is not known whether they will go alone or partner with an Indian entity in the new venture. Some of the new players are targeting the derivatives market to grow in India. The huge retail space is also an enticing factor. Merrill Lynch has a joint venture in Indian investment banking space — DSP Merrill Lynch. Goldman Sachs holds stakes in Kotak Mahindra arms. US-based GE Capital last week announced its intention to set up a bank last week soon after the banking sector roadmap was unveiled. It already has wide presence in consumer finance through GE Capital India. The RBI roadmap said the removal of limitations on the operations of wholly-owned subsidiaries of foreign banks and treating them on a par with domestic banks to the extent appropriate will be designed and implemented after reviewing the experience till April 2009. A total of 33 foreign banks are present in India and had total assets of Rs 1,36,315 crore (Rs 1363. 15 billion) as at end-March 2004.Roughly they account for about 7 per cent of the total banking space. The list of foreign players includes banks like Citibank, Bank of America, Bank of Nova Scotia, ABN-AMRO Bank, Deutsche Bank and JPMorgan Chase Bank, which figure in the top 25 global banks ranked by The Banker magazine. The other top banks like Credit Suisse Group, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, are still to start banking business in India. India is expected to find a place in the strategy of these banks given the country’s growth prospects. There have been cases of foreign banks closing shops in India too.Dresdner Bank and Commerzbank fall in this category. India’s GDP is seen growing at a robust pace of around 7 per cent over the next few years, throwing up opportunities for the banking sector to profit from. The credit of banks in India has risen by over 25 per cent in 2004-05 and the growth momentum is expected to continue over the next few years. Participation in the growth curve of the Indian economy in the next four years will provide foreign banks a launch pad for greater business expansion when they get more freedom after April 2009 How to cite Role of Foreign Banks, Papers

The Rise of the USA as a Superpower Essay Example For Students

The Rise of the USA as a Superpower Essay TheRise of the USA as a SuperpowerThe development and use of nuclear powerhas led to the United States assuming a position as the true World MilitarySuperpower. The Unites States was the leader in planning, building,testing and actually using the most powerful nuclear weapon known to man. This country also led the world in relatively safe production of nuclearpower. The only other competitor to the United States, the SovietUnion, had poor leaders, induced a poor economy, and eventually led thecountry to lose the race for superpower. During World War II, the United Statesbegan the research and development of the atomic bomb. Code-namedthe Manhattan Project, it took place in a government built city in NewMexico called Los Alamos. General Leslie Groves and physicist RobertOppenheimer led the research to create this atomic bomb. The missionwas to build, test and, if necessary, unleash an atomic bomb. Withthe many people working on creating and building this bomb, they completedit within the short amount of time given. In July of 1945, they testedthe nuclear bomb in New Mexico. It was a success. The verynext month, an atomic bomb nicknamed Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima. Only a few days later, the atomic bomb Fat Man was dropped on Nagasaki. It was around this time that the United States found out that nobody, noteven Germany or the Soviet Union, was anywhere close to competing withthe U.S. in atomic weaponry. The atomic bomb was dropped not onlyto end the war with the Japanese, but to show the world, especially theSoviet Union, how powerful the United States was in its government, itsmilitary, its technology, and its people. The fact that it was anew bomb and being the first type of its kind ever created also causedan eagerness to use the bomb and see how it would work. These threefactors are the reasons behind the United States dropping the atomic bombon Japan, as they unknowingly and unintentionally began the nuclear ageand the Cold War. The Cold War began as World War II wasending. The United States and the Soviet Union came out of the previouswar nearly equal in strength, with the United States having the upper hand,being the first to create and use such intense nuclear power. Itwas during this time that these countries were competing to become theWorld Superpower. Nuclear power, for the purposes of electricityas well as weaponry, was going to be the determining factor as to who wouldbe the greater Superpower. The United States leadership was strongand organized. The economy was good and growing stronger. TheSoviet Union was not doing as well. Formerly being under the ruleof Stalin, with strict centralization where it was only the highest partylevels that made any and all decisions who ruled by decree and enforcedwith terror, the Soviet people and economy was stagnating. Strictcentralization continued and eventually led to economic decline, inefficiency,and apathy during the 1970s and 1980s, and contributed to the Chernobylnuclear disaster. The great disaster at the Chernobyl NuclearPower Plant in 1986 was the final string cut that led not only to the SovietUnion losing its war to become the greatest World Superpower, but furthermore,the collapse of the Soviet system. The Chernobyl Nuclear Powerplantwas being run by people who made mistakes maintaining the power supply,who were tired of their own country, and who simply didnt care. .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 , .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .postImageUrl , .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 , .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:hover , .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:visited , .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:active { border:0!important; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:active , .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584 .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueefee06e453d66380fd8d2d664d1d584:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The sun also rises: Summary and Analysis of Epigraph and Chapters 1-4 EssayThis careless conduct led to poor maintenance and low output of nuclearpower. To correct for this, some steps were taken to increase thepower output. During the effort to correct the low power output,one final error occurred, and the consequences were tremendous. Oneof the reactors exploded and released huge doses of radiation. Theambitious nuclear power program of the Soviet Union was now over. The Unites States led the world in nucleartechnology by producing the atomic bomb, and had the courage to use it twice. This proved to the world that the United States was a Superpowerthey should fear. The United States also had good leaders whom kept theeconomy strong, and kept the people in order. The Soviet Union however,trailed behing the United States. They did not have the technologyto produce the amount of nuclear power that the United States had, northe economy to support the research. Their economy was not only poor,but also continually declining. With these governing factors, andfinally the accident at Chernobyl, the Soviet Union collapsed. TheUnites States endured through this time, stayed strong, and came out tobe the World Military Superpower.